PEARLS | Pearl Necklaces

once calculation was done in England and Ireland, the Romans brought it to the British Isles. Now production is Pearl River in Germany (Bavaria) and the U.S.. The northern and north-western rivers of European Russia, too, especially abounded with pearls Pearl Necklaces. are highly valued since ancient times in Russia, they embroidered women's clothes and hats (sundresses, kokoshniki, etc.), clergy vestments, and sometimes clothing nobles decorated salaries of icons, manuscripts covers religious books, church plate, etc. Especially prized pitched (ie round) of Kafa (the ancient name of Feodosia in Crimea) - great, vely, which were brought back from the East. As a premium was a pearl in ancient Rome. Pliny the Elder (77 AD) put him in the hierarchy of precious stones in second place after diamond and emerald before Pearl Archives. In medieval East, where it is especially prized red stones, the first place, of course, ruby ​​was given, followed by diamonds and (also before the emerald). At present, natural is one of the most expensive jewels.

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The world's best pink and cream mined in the Gulf, where it grows into a small pearl oyster Pinctada vulgaris. This mollusc is rarely larger than 8 cm in diameter. Pearl, living off the northern coast of Australia, forming a beautiful silvery-white pearls Pearl Necklaces, larger than the Gulf shellfish. Australian pearl oyster Pinctada maxima sometimes reaches a diameter of 30-36 cm core business of pearl divers in Australia - collecting shells on the pearl. Other famous places pearling - Sri Lanka, Venezuela (at its shores have found Columbus), Tahiti, Mergui Archipelago in Myanmar and the Gulf of California in the United States Pearl Archives. Each region is characterized by certain types of (in particular, a specific color). High-quality from the Persian Gulf determines the maximum price level for any natural pearls.

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However, many natural in the section do not show any traces of extraneous stimuli. It is assumed that in such cases the nucleus has been organic in nature Pearl Necklaces, but after the deposition of calcium carbonate decomposed, leaving no trace. The most highly prized sea "oriental" is less valuable - freshwater pearls. In the United States in Iowa has a center of manufacture of pearl buttons on a regular basis in catching r.Missisipi and its tributaries, freshwater bivalve mollusks of the genus Unio. Their shells provide material for buttons. This is a very labor-intensive fishing Pearl Archives. To find the gem that is suitable for sale to discover dozens or hundreds of kilograms of shells.

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The pearl is built out of several thousand subtle concentric layers of aragonite and conchiolin. peculiar luster, soft shimmering play of rainbow colors on the surface of a pearl, giving it a unique charm Pearl Necklaces, are a special feature of the mature "Orient" or "luster" for which he is in the ground and appreciated. This property is due to its multilayer structure, the phenomena of reflection and refraction, diffraction and interference of light on translucent surfaces pearls. Gloss black pearl - metallic. The hardness of 3.5-4 (the same as that of aragonite). The average density of 2.685 pearls. Natural are formed as a result of accidental ingestion foreign body shell. This may be a tiny grain of sand or a worm, a parasite that penetrates the body shell, causing irritation Pearl Archives. Pearl oyster, unable to get rid of the uninvited guest, enveloped a foreign body pearly substance. Pearl grows from the center to the periphery of the concentric layers sequentially deposited around a central core.

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Unfortunately, the Pearl is short-lived. After 150-200 years "sick", ie fading and cracking due to drying of conchiolin, losing its luster and iriziruyuschy thus losing the main advantage of a jewelry stone. However, there are gems that have retained their luster and beauty Pearl Necklaces, despite the very advanced age - 300-400 years or more (such were found during archaeological excavations of Pompeii, buried under volcanic ash during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD). Rives Pearl inside the body of the mollusk Pearl Archives.

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If the gem does not grow in the mantle of the mollusk, and directly adheres to the inner surface of the shell valves, the site of attachment it does not have a layer of mother of pearl, this pearl is called a "blister" or "bubble Pearl", and less appreciated. In contrast to the round or baroque pearls, which does not require a different treatment than drilling through-holes, blister are usually subjected to processing for inserts into rings, earrings, bracelets and other jewelry Pearl Necklaces. Painting diverse: white, pink, cream, black, bronze, brown or pastel shades of lavender, blue, yellow, green, mauve flowers. In the jewelry trade prefer pink, cream, white and black pearls. It is believed that the pearl borrows its color from the inner layer of nacreous shells Pearl Archives, to be exact - on the site nacreous layer, near which it was formed, ie the color of depends on the type of mollusk host. In addition, the color of affect the temperature and composition of the water, the health of shellfish and even the nature of food he digests.

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The name "Pearl" is derived from the Chinese "Zhen Zhu," being converted through the Old Russian "zenchug." In Russia in 18-19 centuries. Pearl is often called (from him. Perlen and English Pearl Necklaces. Pearl, a derivative of "pearl" - a slightly distorted it. Perlmutter, �mother of pearl"). The form of pearl - round, teardrop or pear often, ellipsoidal or irregular, bizarre ("baroque pearls"). The size of few millimeters to a few centimeters rarely larger Pearl Archives. "Long" Pearl reaches a size greater than 3 mm, "beads" - 3-2 mm, the "pearl dust" - less than 2 mm. The largest pearl found in the Philippines in 1934, had an oval shape, size and weight

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Due to its decorative qualities - a smooth, matte surface, soft iridescent glitter - pearls has long been used in jewelry Pearl Necklaces, often combined with precious stones and metals, for making necklaces, rings, brooches, etc. (in India for many centuries BC . e., in Japan, apparently, with 6. n. e., in Western Europe with 15-16 cc.). In Russia, from 11-12 cc. and especially in the 15-18 centuries. spread out the pearl patterned embroidery on flax, silk, brocade, velvet, used to decorate church utensils, ceremonial royal, seigniorial and folk costume (see the embroidery). pearls fishery continued to decline. To expand tried to extract the Don pearls and pearls East. Since the end. The 19th century. pearls fishing in the Northwest Pearl Archives. Russia is in decline. In the Northwest. Russia is a white, gray, green, brown, black and mixed by pearls White rich shades: pink, gold, blue, silver, gray, sirenevato. pearls White is approx. Quarter of all found gems, silver - approx. Third. It is not often green, black are very rare.

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Pearl, the formation of spherical or irregularly shaped, growing in the body of certain mollusks. pearls is of the same material as the shell, - mostly of calcium carbonate. Formed as a result of contact with the wall of the mantle Pearl Necklaces, or between the mantle and shell with a foreign object (sand, parasite, etc.), around which the nacre is deposited. Color pearl white, pink or yellow, sometimes black, sizes - from microscopic to pigeon eggs. Large, well-shaped pearls is highly valued (it is believed that the largest pearl in the 34 car owned by the Spanish King Philip II). pearls mined mainly of pearls, shells which have a beautiful mother of pearl. Extraction of marine pearls is in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, off the coast of Ceylon, Australia, Japan and Venezuela Pearl Archives. pearls Freshwater has long been mined in Russia, Scotland, Germany, China and North America.

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Pearls in the words of N. Aristov, was "the most loved and most popular decoration of clothes and costumes of our ancestors ... Pearl Necklaces a large pearl preferred, and in the monuments of antiquity, he distinguished name - great Pearl Archives Our ancestors decorated altars in the churches, the royal doors, icons, crosses, blood vessels ... Gospel, priestly vestments ... "(Industry ancient Russia. S. 162-163). According to the PI Savvaitovu, given to the Russian advantage.

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